Abstract: The mechanical properties of asphalt pavement structure have always been the focus of road engineering research and one of the most difficult problems to solve. With the growth of traffic volume, there are more and more highway reconstruction and expansion projects in my country. Smart particles are ultra-small, high-temperature and high-precision sensors developed for the needs of highway pavement stress and deformation monitoring and road performance prediction. In this paper, combined with the maintenance and repair project of Qilu Transportation Development Group, the mechanical properties of asphalt pavement structure under load conditions are studied by burying smart particles. The results show that smart particles can effectively monitor the mechanical characteristics of asphalt pavements, and are useful for the repair of asphalt pavements. Very important practical significance and guiding significance.