Abstract: In order to better improve the overall level of China's road and bridge construction, we must start with the scientific and reasonable allocation of mechanical equipment, and promote the stable implementation of China's road and bridge construction by improving the service performance and operation efficiency of the overall equipment. For the selection and use of common equipment for road and bridge construction, it is necessary to make reasonable configuration according to the actual construction situation, and regularly maintain the selected mechanical equipment. In case of problems, it is necessary to eliminate faults in time, so as to better ensure the efficiency of the whole construction, so as to improve the overall construction progress and quality. Therefore, this paper mainly starts with the classification and characteristics of common equipment in road and bridge construction, puts forward the current allocation principles of machinery, provides the corresponding basis for the selection of machinery and equipment in road and bridge construction, and finally summarizes several key points of road and bridge engineering machinery and equipment maintenance, hoping to provide certain reference value for relevant researchers.