Abstract: At present, the construction of subways not only saves the road area, but also reduces the congested urban traffic conditions and facilitates people's travel. Analyze subway risks and reasonably assess risks, laying the foundation for future risk management. Analyze at the technical level, analyze the underground road construction system based on Chinese characteristics, and propose reasonable plans based on the overall situation and actual needs of development in China, so as to meet people's travel needs. Based on this, this article specifically analyzes the civil construction safety and preventive management measures of subway stations for reference.